Nigeria’s borders remain highly porous, fueling smuggling, terrorism, and lost revenues. Despite serious challenges, reforms are underway—digital customs, e-visas, APIS, and new tracking systems. Yet insecurity, corruption, and weak infrastructure persist. Technology, particularly AI, offers the best hope to build resilient, transparent, and secure border management systems. Nigeria’s border control challenges are among the most serious in Africa. Porous land borders enable smuggling, trafficking, and infiltration by insurgents. Weak infrastructure, corruption, and bureaucracy worsen the problem, costing Nigeria billions in trade and revenue losses while threatening national security. Recent reforms show promise: e-visa systems, automated passenger checks, digital landing cards, and the upgraded B’Odugwu customs platform. These reduce delays, improve risk-based inspections, and limit corruption. The 2023 Customs Act strengthened legal frameworks, while international partnerships (e...